Culture and public policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Culture and open strategy - Essay Example rld, Russia and western forces, India and China have fortify the case of Samuel Huntington about a conflict of civic establishments in today’s world (Neumayer and Plã ¼mper 2009, p. 712). Based on academic examination and accessible information, the paper will demonstrate the presence of conflict of civic establishments in today’s world. So as to demonstrate the proposition, the paper will examine the Huntington’s hypothesis of conflict of developments. Additionally, by breaking down the strict and political perspectives, paper will show that the fiasco of development clashes is for the most part dependent on the political components like, the US’ over the top strength, rising multipolar power framework and strict elements like, Islamic radicalism, Islamophobia and so on. Samuel Huntington’s book, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, activated boundless discussion in the field of political and open issues. Additionally, the Huntington’s article about the conflict of civic establishments, which was written in 1993 in Foreign Affairs, raised gigantic discussion than whatever other article that was distributed in Foreign Affairs since the 1950s (Chiozza 2002, p. 711). Subsequently, Samuel Huntington is considered as the most basic and intriguing creator in the field of worldwide issues in most recent couple of decades (Chiozza 2002, p. 712). As indicated by the Huntington’s perspective, interstate connections in the post-Cold War time will be chiefly impacted by the components of civic establishments. As the country remains the primary on-screen character on a worldwide level, its inclinations, conduct, and uprightness will be founded on its civilizational foundation (Huntington 1993). As such, expected organiz ations and clashes will exist inside civic establishments is the significant hypothesis of Huntington about the eventual fate of worldwide governmental issues. Huntington guaranteed that in the new world, the most deadly, risky, and broad clashes won’t be between monetary or social classes, however between individuals from various social foundations. As per the

Definition of Eating Disorders

Question: Compose a logical report on the extension just as qualities of dietary issue? Answer: Prologue to the dietary issue: Since the start of the advanced progress, among the different differentiating factor, which can tremendously impacted the various principal exercises just as the nature of the human life, wellbeing and all the more explicitly the essential mainstay of the general wellbeing condition is a lot of huge. In the point of view of this ongoing logical report, the different mainstay of the wellbeing condition food, just as the essential elements of the sustenance, is a lot of significant. Here according to the guidance, this logical report will concentrate on the fundamental issue identifying with the turmoil of the food which is principally portrayed by the genuine mental followed by the physical affliction determined by the unusual just as the unfortunate dietary pattern of an individual (Absolom, 2011). Meaning of the anomalous dietary pattern: Dietary problems, which may characterized as the strange propensity followed by the digestion brokenness, may likewise unfavorably, influence the body just as the psyche of the influenced individual, which may in later outcomes into the genuine hindrance in the digestion. With regards to the dietary problem, the vast majority of the influenced understanding are habituated in the unfortunate demeanor alongside the some irregular accept to the admission of the food and dread of putting on body weight. After the different logical examinations and various prolonged investigation identifying with the unusual propensity for eating , specialists didn't perceive a particular reason for the dietary problems, which legitimately corresponded to the dietary pattern followed by the corrigible or hopeless harm of in general wellbeing state of the patient (Celebrity culture isn't at fault for dietary problems 2011). In any case, the specialists propose different potential reasons for this psycholog ical just as physical irregularities with respect to admission of food followed by the debilitated digestion. These are might be the propensity of being flimsy and savvy before the general public just as before the schools or the cohorts or companions, which uncommonly appeared in the adolescents inside the age gathering of the fifteen to twenty. Arrangement of the dietary problem: This piece of the report experimentally exhibited on the different class of the anomalous propensity just as the particular dietary problem of the influence Ted persistent, which is continuously may created as the one of the most critical factor for the further conversation of the examination draws near. After the different research program in the particular field of the dietary issue and various methodical clinical preliminary it tends to be expressed that for the most part two classifications of the dietary problem are accessible which are Anorexia nervosa just as Bulimia nervosa (Masheb, 2010). In spite of the fact that the fundamental attribute of the eating variation from the norm should be the consequence of the mental issue with respect to the idea of dread identifying with the admission of the overabundance measure of food followed by the putting on of additional weight. In any case, the psychological variations from the norm just as the confusion about the admission of food, are for the most part related to the class of anorexia nervosa. In this particular classification of the dietary problem, the influenced individuals are experiencing especially misinterpretation with respect to the measure of food or supplement fixings, they consumption day by day. The influenced individuals who are for the most part inside the age gathering of the fifteen to twenty are not prepared to allow least measure of food or basic fluid according to the every day necessity of their separate fundamental calorie (Reas, 2011). In light of enormous absence of food just as basic supplements, the beneficiaries are experiencing genuine shortcoming, and as they didn't plan, intellectually, it has a significant negative effect on the digestion just as different physical-metabolic confusion and other related brokenness in the essential physical framework. In the other hand, the second classification of the dietary problem, this is in a general sense described by the over or unreasona ble admission of the food and another equivalent class of fluid by the influenced individuals. On account of the anomalous just as unfortunate mentality or inclination to the food followed by the unnecessary exercise or sprout to the dietary pattern (Sanftner, 2011). Different signs and indications of unusual eating design: As with regards to the dietary issue and the different mental just as physical side effects in regards to the irregular demeanor of the influenced persistent, anorexia is a pertinent physical anomaly, which may produced during the hour of experiencing this particular kind of infection. It might be an expressed from the different logical investigation that anorexia would again sub-ordered in the two principle part that are limiting sort just as gorge type. As with regards to the efficient clinical evaluation of any shy of mental just as physical variations from the norm signs and side effects assumes a huge job. Here on account of irregular dietary pattern some particular anomalous qualities of the influenced individuals rewarded as the benchmark marker for the advancement of different logical societies arranged by the dietary issue and other related physical issue (Shouse, 2011). Moreover, according to this logical report critical manifestations of the dietary problem are described b y the improvement of hair having the lanugo trademark where a fine, just as wool hair, is created all through the entire body of the influenced individual. Another sign spoke to as the improvement of the dainty and pubic hair followed by the high inclination to produce additional hair, particularly in the face. Another critical side effects that strikingly speak to the significant qualities of this specific ailment are the pace of heartbeat become sporadic that may bring about variations from the norm in the flow framework like heart failure. Affectability to the sentiment of cold just as the genuine shortcoming is the another sort of essential issue. Loss of tooth and advancement of holes are the physical issue which legitimately showing the lack of calcium is the away from of the dietary issue. Another significant side effect of the anomalous propensity for eating is conveyed by the telogen emanation just as hypokalemia and might be kidney disappointment. Another sort of the momen tous manifestations is decay of cerebrum and looseness of the bowels, and so forth (Slevec, 2011). Different techniques for leading examination: In the point of view of the methodical method of directing examination identified with the different kind of mental just as physical variations from the norm in regards to the unfortunate and vague propensity for eating, it the most huge just as key methodology with the assistance of which, various basic and intriguing discoveries can be accomplished (Ola, 2010). Additionally, the different provocative way might be created by the logical investigation of this particular point identifying with the variations from the norm in dietary pattern to expand the further extent of the logical culture. With the assistance of the different important logical investigations, various methodical structures may likewise create by which uncountable systems for balancing this mental anomalies in regards to abnormal dietary pattern may determined (Chikaodiri, 2010). To direct the significant research approach, specialists experience some key stage like perceiving the real propensity and gauge the genuin e pace of the occurrence with respect to the anomalous example of admission of food. At that point the analysts are completely leading the all important writing audit on the subject identifying with the Eating issue. At that point analysts determined an examination structure in such manner that it unmistakably clarifies the irregular demeanor of influenced understanding towards the food and another basic supplement. The exploration plan viably explains the different physical just as mental and social changes in the influenced beneficiaries followed by the digestion brokenness (Crabtree, 2010). Here in the accompanying graph the essential way of research planning contains the different viewpoint of the strange eating design are spoken to: Compact resultant of the examination of the logical investigation: With regards to resultant or viable results in individual of directing an exploration planning gathering of test is another significant factor. According to this ebb and flow logical report, the analysts stresses in the gathering the subject relatively youngsters like the age bunch inside the fifteen to twenty. Likewise, the past logical database in regards to this sort of eating irregularity recommends that in contrast with the more established grown-up, the inclination is higher in the youngsters of being influenced by this mental just as physical issue. Other critical discoveries of this examination configuration likewise proposed that the inclination of influencing the bizarre eating conduct is monstrously higher in the ladies (Ghanean, 2011). In the opposite side which is astoundingly ten time more noteworthy than the odds of man of being influenced by the mental just as physical and social variations from the norm described by the strange propensity for eating and exceptional d emeanor towards the food and fundamental supplements. Likewise, different measurable results additionally assume a critical job in making a decision about the present generally situation of the confusion identifying with the ensuing quality of surprising eating design. It additionally found that out of each 200 and fifty ladies at any rate one lady is influenced by the mental just as a psychological issue portrayed by the unusual eating design (Haasen, 2010). In the light of the other noteworthy benchmark like the record of basal metabolic rate is fits lower in the influenced individuals having the turmoil of the eating design in contrast with the typical just as sound person. Additionally, the BMI, the file in contrast with the weight is evaluated as the 17.5 in the patient experiencing the Anorexia nervosa. The analysts partaking in the logical investigation rela

Gospel of Mark free essay sample

Breaks down profound centrality of New Testament Gospel, date of content, job of Peter, Satan, human astuteness versus Divine beings will. Incorporates a layout. The Gospel of Mark, second all together in the New Testament, is likewise the most brief. Its quickness gives a false representation of its advantage. There are varying assessments on both the creation and motivation behind this gospel, yet maybe most contested is neither one, however how it was composed. Incidentally, the strategy for composing isn't almost so significant profoundly just like the message itself. Contentions over the technique are like contentions over creation versus development: does the peruser trust God includes Himself in the undertakings of man and the world, or not? The message of Marks gospel says He does, to keeps an eye on advantage and salvation. The subsequent gospel was disregarded by researchers from the fourth to the nineteenth hundreds of years since it was broadly viewed as an edited version of Matthew, which was composed first (Grassmick 95). We will compose a custom exposition test on Good news of Mark or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Since the nineteenth century suggestion that Mark was composed first

Free Essays on Education Needs Change

Since the mid 1980's, the issue of America's vacillating government funded school framework has become a genuine concern. The emergency in K-12 training is one of the greatest difficulties confronting the country. There is a lot of proof to appear this issue. The pitifully low aftereffects of American understudies through worldwide grades is one clear flaw. Another is the disappointment of numerous understudies to show their insight into fundamental abilities and education. It is astounding that so long has gone with no adequate exertion put forward to address the issue. Significantly all the more amazing, is the way that some deny that such a difficult exists. The disappointment of the country to enough instruct the understudies of America has an unending rundown of negative impacts. With the absence of legitimate instruction, ages of children are growing up without the fundamental, basic information to be ready to contend in the work environment. Subsequently, the U.S. has a potential for success in losing its superpower rule of the world. Thusly, it isn't just a social concern, yet in addition a significant practical issue. Another disturbing concern is the high pace of understudy dropouts. Presently, rather than all understudies accepting poor training, some are not getting one at all. The primary driver for this is the students'lack of enthusiasm for school. So a significant part of the instructing that goes on today depends on repetition and remembrance. Not all learning can be energizing, and once in a while remembering things is fundamental. Despite the fact that instructors should discover different methods of getting the data to the understudies. At the point when understudies are shown this way, they get exhausted and tired of school, and this is the reason they dropout. Obvoiusly, on the off chance that they drop out of school, they most likely won't acquire there degree. Be that as it may, if more children do acquire their secondary school degrees, the nation would have less joblessness. More individuals in the work environment at that point prompts a more grounded and mo... Free Essays on Education Needs Change Free Essays on Education Needs Change Since the mid 1980's, the issue of America's floundering state funded school framework has become a genuine concern. The emergency in K-12 training is one of the greatest difficulties confronting the country. There is a lot of proof to appear this issue. The despicably low aftereffects of American understudies through global grades is one evident deficiency. Another is the disappointment of numerous understudies to show their insight into essential aptitudes and proficiency. It is amazing that so long has gone with no adequate exertion put forward to address the issue. Considerably additionally astonishing, is the way that some deny that such a difficult exists. The disappointment of the country to sufficiently teach the understudies of America has a perpetual rundown of negative impacts. With the absence of appropriate instruction, ages of children are growing up without the fundamental, basic information to be ready to contend in the working environment. Therefore, the U.S. has a potential for success in losing its superpower rule of the world. In this way, it isn't just a social concern, yet in addition a significant conservative issue. Another disturbing concern is the high pace of understudy dropouts. Presently, rather than all understudies accepting poor instruction, some are not getting one at all. The primary driver for this is the students'lack of enthusiasm for school. So a significant part of the encouraging that goes on today depends on repetition and remembrance. Not all learning can be energizing, and now and again remembering things is vital. Despite the fact that instructors should discover different methods of getting the data to the understudies. At the point when understudies are shown this way, they get exhausted and tired of school, and this is the reason they dropout. Obvoiusly, on the off chance that they drop out of school, they most likely won't procure there degree. In any case, if more children do procure their secondary school degrees, the nation would have less joblessness. More individuals in the working environment at that point prompts a more grounded and mo...

The True Cause Of The Civil War Essays - Slavery, Abolitionism

The True Cause Of The Civil War The True Cause of the Civil War Between the financial, political, and social squabbles that developed all through the 1850's, the North and the South experienced numerous progressions that prompted the beginning of the Civil War. The most crediting variable to this war was that of an ethical contest between two areas who both needed various things. Bondage turned into the issue that spread the country over and was questioned to and fro between the North and South segments of the nation. Abolitionists were engaged upon in the North and attempted to convey the desired information to those claiming slaves in the South. They communicated moral objection yet occupied with not many out-in-the-open exercises. To the degree that there was a composed abolitionist development, it fixated on the idea of colonization-the push to support the resettlement of American blacks in Africa or the Caribbean. (Brinkley, American History 342) Among these Abolitionists, was an acclaimed U.S. writer who distributed The Liberator and helped lead the effective Abolitionist crusade against subjugation in the U.S. In his first issue of The Liberator, he strongly expresses his feeling on the issue of bondage: I don't wish to think, or talk, or compose, with moderation....I am decisively I won't quibble I won't pardon I won't retreat a solitary inch-AND I WILL BE HEARD. (www.britannica.com) The Civil War constrained Garrison to pick between his radical convictions and liberation. In December 1865 he distributed the last issue of The Liberator and reported that his occupation as an abolitionist is finished. (www.britannica.com) When the issue of subjection crested, the South concluded that the best wager is withdraw. With respect to the whole issue of bondage, fundamentally the South needed and required it and the North didn't need it by any stretch of the imagination. The South would do anything they could to keep it. This was the issue that eclipsed all others. (www.ask.com) During the 1850's the South had around 4 million slaves. These slaves were entirely significant to the slaveholding grower class. They were a colossal venture to Southerners and whenever removed, could mean enormous misfortunes to everybody. Slaves were utilized in the South as aides in the fields in the development of tobacco, rice, and indigo, just as numerous different occupations. The South particularly required more slaves as of now since they were presently developing more cotton then ever due to the creation of the cotton gin. Cotton creation with slaves hopped from 178,000 parcels in 1810 to more than 3,841,000 bundles in 1860. List of sources www.pinzler.com www.ask.com [emailprotected] History Essays

Marketing Strategy - Free Essay Example

Marketing Strategy: In contrast with the research findings of Scherer at al. , it is that in the pharmaceutical company large number of the diversified portfolio might not return huge profits. The strategy of the Rumack pharmaceuticals was that they expanded their product range to sustain and then capitalize upon the market share, which the product variants would secure for the company. In case of the pharmaceutical industry the rate of growth often demanded by the market to be sustainable for the company, usually would coerce the pharmaceuticals to engage in the low risk activities which was the same as in the case of Rumack. Usually in the case of the pharmaceutical companies producing and marketing a wider range of drugs would reduce the dependence on the so called specialized drugs. The strategy that has been employed in the case of Rumack seems to fit into the module of core model. The company has eventually diversified into a number of drugs rather than being dependant on a single most drug thereby taking advantage of the opportunity costs of the product ranges. Product choice of a company depends much upon the internal capabilities of the company which is evident from the fact that the company after closing operations in one of the particular plant transferred the packaging capabilities into the Bakersfield, in order cater to the growing demand of Restaolvic and Hedanol products. In case of this company they have tried to combine the mutually supportive capabilities. They have tried to develop a business model by integrating the drug line and the production capabilities. Furthermore, packaging is arranged as a line hybrid process. †Pharmaceutical industry project, equity, sustainability and industry development Working paper series† , 2002)1 From the volume of the production being made it is implied that the company aims at developing the secondary sales figures, by fiddling with the availability of the products and increasing the liqui dation of the product into the mainstream market. implication in manufacturing process: To study about the implications the foremost activity is to determine whether the product is innovative or functional. We may classify the product to perform a greater degree of the functional component. Hence, it can be understood that the market mediation costs of such pharmaceutical products will be very less because of the fact that we could ascertain the demand level of the commodity. Hence, the average margin of error in forecast when the time of production is committed is usually around 10% and the average stock out rate for such functional products could be around 1 to 2% respectively. The production facility at the Bakersfield was forced to cater to the rising demand level. Hence, a number of the product variants had to be produced. The manufacturing process is developed into a complex process with the production of each commodity and a dedicated process line for packaging of each commodity was developed. Even though the increased activity in the Bakersfield plant did not cause any problems in the manufacturing process, there were problems beginning to arise from the packaging function of the plant. Due to the rise in the demand and the company’s decision to diversify the portfolio the company did used the left over floor space by assembling additionally two more packaging lines in the same unit, but there was an inherent problem. The capacity of the additional two lines was very much underutilized i. e. the additional lines had to wait until the process was completed in the previous lines. Hence, this caused a delay in the production process as a whole. More time was being lost in the transition process than the original production process. Sources of problem for the company: As discussed in earlier section with the increase in the production capability and the under utilization of the packaging lines ,there is a ncrease in the lag time between the two processes, resulting in delay and leading to increase in time for the commodity to be produced. The production facility of the line 1 has been in such a manner that it can cater to one specific product range at a time, with the notion that the transition period is at minimal level, taking up to 4 hours. To avoid this, there was a strategic design taken. Line 2 was dedicated to pack bottles with with three different sizes resulting in the transition period of more than 5 hours. This directly affected line 3 and 4. Here, they had much more differing bottle sizes to pack, resulting in an increased transitional period of up to 8 hours which means that the time delivery of manufacturing in the lines 1 and 2 had been largely negated in the subsequent packaging. Proposed Strategies: †¢Can focus on process improvements to increase the run length. †¢Can focus on increase in capacity to decrease transitional period. †¢Analyse the impact of installing a new packing line to relieve the bottle neck. Reference 1. https://www. cfses. com/documents/pharma/01-Business_Strategy. PDF

Why Choose Toefl IBT Essay Samples Over the Others?

Why Choose Toefl IBT Essay Samples Over the Others?Toefl IBT Essay samples come in a variety of formats to give you everything from private tutoring to online courses. You can get whatever you want, and they are flexible too. Here is the answer to why you should choose Toefl IBT Essay samples over the others out there.First of all, Toefl IBT Essay samples offer more than just a course. You can take a course on how to use a calculator or graphite pencils and figure out what these are, and then take the other material in class. This is the best way to get all the information you need for your final paper.In addition, you can choose the format that is right for you, as well as find out more information about the teachers who are teaching these tutorials. You will also find out which of the top publishers have the essays they publish available in their own formats. These publishers typically make their books available to their readers as an ebook.You will find that the Essay samples that they offer are at least compatible with Microsoft Word and Adobe Digital Editions, and that they usually come with PDF links that are easy to read. The best ones allow you to highlight text and use bold fonts. This is ideal if you are using a laptop for your work, as you don't want to have to worry about the ink on the screen.Toefl IBT Essay samples come in multiple formats. You can choose from books, short articles, free letters, and even audio interviews with the teachers who created them. They also have videos of the teacher teaching the tutorial, so you can see exactly what is being taught to you.So if you decide to check out the manyEssay samples Toefl offers, don't forget that you will be giving yourself the chance to get an in-depth study guide to one of the finest tutoring programs available today. Plus, it has become easier to access them than ever before. All you have to do is go to a search engine and type in the words 'Toefl IBT' and there you will find all the informat ion you need to know about this great program.If you haven't tried these Essay samples yet, I highly recommend you give them a try. Just remember that this is the last chance to take advantage of them, so you want to get the best one possible.

Comparing Views Reasons behind the Obesity Problem Essay

Nichole Wojtowicz Wojtowicz 1 College Writing I Mrs. Zewe 20 October, 2010 Obesity: To Be or Not To Be? One of the most controversial debates of this generation is on who is the blame for the obesity epidemic. More specifically, who is responsible for obesity: the individual who is obese or the government and fast food corporations? In Radley Balkos essay What You Eat Is Your Business and in David Zinczenkos essay Dont Blame the Eater, the main ideas that are presented both reflect upon obesity and personal responsibility. The main point that Balko wants to get across in his essay is that obesity has become part of public health which has forced us to pay for the health problems associated with the obese. Whereas†¦show more content†¦Balko is not necessarily concerned with the well-being of the obese and is not mad at the government for not pushing for nutritional facts on fast-food, he is concerned about having to pay for the consequences of the obese: Your heart attack drives up the cost of my premiums and office visits (159). Balko feels that the obese have made financial problems for healthier people. Obesity comes along with many medical conditions and these conditions require medical expenses, but the health insurance system has made it so the obese do not have to pay higher premiums. Thus, leaving everybody else to pay for the obese medical expenses. Zinczenko is not concerned about the financial aspects of obesity, he is concerned about the well-being of the obese and blames the government for the obesity problem. However, he does mention the skyrocketing health care costs in his essay, not to portray the financial aspects of obesity, but to show how much the devestation of obesity has spread to all aspects of life. Unlike Balko, who feels that people have to pay for the problems of the obese, Zinczenko believes that obese have to pay for their weight issues due to the easy access of fast food. One way that he describes this thought is by his statement Drive down any thoroughfare in America, and I guarantee youll see one of our countrys more than 13,000 McDonalds restaurants (154). He thinks thatShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity : A Serious Health Concern2047 Words   |  9 PagesChildhood obesity continues to be a serious health concern. It can be attributed to many factors such as family lifestyle, income or socioeconomic background, and culture. 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In a well-established country like Canada, the topic of poverty, as well as children overall, has been an ongoing issue and it is unfortunate to acknowledge the continuous growth of such issues prevalent in society today. The Children Left Behind focuses on the inequalities in children’s well-being based on 25 of the world’s richest countries. The materialRead More`` Little Pink `` : Social Media And Chinese People2207 Words   |  9 Pagescompletely formed stigma such as obesity (Heuer, McClure and Puhl 2011), carrier of HIV (Berger, Ferrans and Lashley 2001), and strip dancers (Thompson and Harred 1992), currently there is no academic research investigating the group of â€Å"little pink†, though some magazines and newspapers mentioned it as a popular phenomenon in Chinese society. The difference between stigmas healthy problems such as obesity or other salient diseases seems difficult to hide behind other identities and most of them

Chemistry Examples Strong and Weak Electrolytes

Low Levels Of Academic Achievement - 955 Words

lower levels of academic achievement and it is also known that Latino adolescents experience great levels of depression symptoms constantly†( ). According to the National Center for Education Statistics (2007), nearly 63% of Latino Adolescents in the United States achieve a high school degree, as opposed to 87% of African American Adolescents. Latino youth similarity report experiencing elevated levels of depression symptoms than the children from other groups. Research shows that academic achievement and depression are negatively associated to each other, however there is lack of evidence that results in an inconclusive understanding of this relationship. This negative relationship is seen for a variety of academic measures, which include the standardized achievement test, grades, and teachers ratings, yet the direction of causality in this relationship is still unknown AND Modern research, today in this association is lacking. Previous studies have found groundwork to the presented issue. In a meta-analysis of Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Twenge and Nolene-Hoelcsema (2002) found that Latino children and adolescents endorsed considerably higher depressive symptoms, obtaining higher scores on the CDI than children from other ethnic groups. A study by Roberts and Sohaban (1992) found that Mexican-American adolescents had an increased risk for depression when compared with European and African American adolescents. In addition, a study by Alva and de los ReyesShow MoreRelatedEffects of Socioeconomic Status and Ethnicity on a Child1542 Words   |  7 Pagesbrain development (Nelson, 1999). Socioeconomic status limits how much a family could provide to aid a child’s development. Middle-class families can better prepare their children with opportunities for success than families with low household income. Families with low household income will be reluctant to spend money on daycare becau se they have other priorities. Credentialed daycare providers increase children’s cognitive and critical thinking skills (Barnett Belfield, 2006). The long-term effectsRead MoreOverall Average Of Grades 6-8 Students Aspire Math Content Standards By Poverty Level983 Words   |  4 Pagesby Poverty Level Math Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Non-Poverty 25.17 35.73 29.09 10.58 Poverty 27.07 35.94 27.79 8.22 The data charts above indicate that students identified as living in poverty display a pattern of lower achievement scores at Brindlee Mountain Middle when compared to classmates not considered as living in poverty. 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The Cold Truth ~ Cassidy Pena - 1783 Words

ï ¿ ¼The Cold Truth ~ Cassidy Peà ±a The Cold War was the most dangerous boasting battle in the history of the world, and it created many problems that even today have yet to be solved. It was a 44 ­year war between two of the world’s superpowers: the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America. At one point during the war, nuclear weapons were mass ­produced by both sides, mainly for the bragging rights of having more weapons than their opponents (this was called the â€Å"Nuclear Arms Race†). (Trueman) (Americans were outraged when the Soviet Union beat them into space with the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial Earth satellite (part of another Cold War race, the â€Å"Space Race†). (History.com Staff) Put simply, the Cold†¦show more content†¦The current world relations between the United States and countries that opposed them during the Cold War remain unfriendly. For instance, the relations between the United States and the communist nation of Cuba a re still very poor as a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis ï ¿ ¼during the Cold War; when the Soviet Union was allowed by the Cuban government to station nuclear missiles pointed towards the United States in Cuba, only 99 miles away from Florida. Today, there is still an embargo prohibiting United States corporations from doing any business with Cuba and restricting United States citizens from travelling to Cuba. (ProCon.org) Another example of international relations damaged by the Cold War are the notoriously strained relations of the Russian Federation and the United States. The two nations have been well known as enemies since even before World War II. In fact, in the year 1980, the United States Olympic Team boycotted the Summer Olympics that were being held in Moscow. (Smothers) In 2009, Dmitry Medvedev and Barack Obama agreed to â€Å"reset† the relations between the countries and wipe the proverbial slate of all contempt rooted in the Cold War. Despite this, there is still much lingering rivalry between the two very different nations. (Cooper) In fact, relations were so horrible during the Cold War that the United States changed a national symbol to spite Russia. That symbol is something that every student in the United

Thinking Outside The Box On State Terrorism - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Thinking Outside The Box On State Terrorism. Answer Transition of Terrorism There has been a growing debate that in the current decade nature of terrorism has been changing from its core. Until September 2001, the World Trade Center, the symbol of the economic power of America, stood under the Statue of Liberty, a sign of American freedom. However, on that day the commercial airlines were hijacked and changed into flying bombs by terrorists. The towers of World Trade Center and Pentagon were crashed in Washington DC. The toll of death was highly reduced from the initial estimations. Thus, the most horrendous terrorism in history emerged out of a clear blue sky. Hence the proposition made at the very beginning is evaluated in the following study. The arguments are illustrated with few recent examples. It also includes the difference between the old terrorism the and the new one . These are demonstrated through discussing the prominent and extreme religious-based ideologies. This includes the sponsoring and financial supports. The media representing of terrorism and so one are also assessed in the study. The old terrorism was found to be influenced by political motives. However new terrorism has been impacted by the extreme religious beliefs, especially the followers of Islam. The terrorists claim that their path is only the true one (Rourke 2017). The people coming in their path should be killed. These kinds of great indiscriminate violence are devoid of any political objective and are meant to destroy society. The new age terrorists are more eager to involve in more complex and risky acts. It is found in the clash of monotheistic faiths Judaism and Christianity have made a peace treaty with each other. Most of Islam has been trying to do the same. However there are certain fanatic sects within them, demands the submission of all to their central authority. Thus they work to form a single form of their society under Sharia Law (Gaibulloev, Piazza and Sandler 2017). Every institution of civilizations like religion is an admixture of god and reverse effects. For instance, the state promotes the welfare and limits freedom at the same time. Similarly, religions are found to preach love and community along with conquest and incompatibilities. Human civilization is the simultaneous evolution of homo-sapiens along with its burdens. Various motives have been cited for suicide bombings. This extends from religious sanctification to take revenge against Western policy towards hatred against Israel. For the Muslims, there have been various emerging patterns found from killing infidel enemy by suicide attacks and to allow their subordinate female to take part in suicide attacks. For example, recently a suicide bomber of this kind struck in a mob at Nangarhar, located at east Afghanistan. This attack underscored poor security where eight people were killed. The terrorist approach the people on foot at Jalalabad the provincial capital. There, they were discussing in support of their local police force commander who was sacked and there was a demand for his reinstatement. Those eight people were all civilians (Sarma 2017). Moreover, fifteen people including minors were wounded because of this explosion. Further, the funny part was that the Islamic State Group had claimed the responsibility regarding this attack. The term terrorism entered historically into the European dictionary while the 1789 French terrorism took place. At that time violence was utilized by the Paris government for reluctantly imposing a new order (Younas and Sandler 2017). Thus, the initial definition of terrorism indicated a system of rule of terror. Despite all these, the word is used for defining the recourse towards violence by the small groups for achieving political change. To compare the old and new, terrorism, the primary aspects to be considered are goals, organization, goals. Thus modern terrorism is justified on the religious background. The new ones are found to have ambiguous missions at a systemic level and valuing the destruction for their sakes (Combs 2017). The old terrorism has been more comprehensible and restricted to particularly with their roots within political ideology. New terrorism, though not much further, has altered the purpose in the last decades. The point of view of modern terrorists has been related to the pursuit of the mass causalities. Since the goals have been religious, the new terrorists have been seeking to kill more people they could (Lynch and Argomaniz 2017). At the maximum time, the related Islamic terrorists have enhanced mainly in the sectors like weaponry and communications, transport because of massive development in globalization. Further, for analyzing the various methods utilized by an old and new terrorist, they are distinguished into two categories. They are the jihad terrorists and secular terrorists. In the case of secular terrorism, violence is stated to be calibrated carefully. They have been going far enough to gain the objectives (Camilleri 2017). As they have been killing more people, they have been sticking to the political objectives since they know that indiscriminate killing would never produce success. Thus terrorists have seemed to be more interested too, have lots of people watching not a many people dead. Features of new terrorism have been precisely having been the lacking of state backers. The terrorists have been developing new economic resources. Thus they have been less dependent on the sponsors of the state. The expense of new terrorism has not been based on the money received from the sponsors of the state (Saygili 2017). However, on other illegal sources such as drug trafficking, fraud of credit cards, video piracy. These also have investments in the legal business, charities, donations from various wealthy people and Diaspora. The U.S. has classified Iran as the foremost state sponsor of terrorism. They have alleged that the nation has to provide comprehensive support like financial, training and equipment to those fanatic groups across the globe, notably Hezbollah. This allegation on Iran is since 1984. The state-sponsored terrorism indicates the deliberate use of terrorism or assistance to terrorist organizations as the tool of foreign policy that is done against various other nations or groups of people (Becker 2017). This also refers to the direct attacks by the state of the support of terrorist organizations by the provisions of sanctuary, training, funding and weapons. From the time that Iran Hostage Crisis took place in 1979, one of the popular hallmarks of the Iranian regime is its frequent usage of terrorism against the U.S. and their allies across the world and tying to terrorist organizations. Further to carry out those direct attacks, the nation of Iran committed terrorism through proxy by Taliban, Hamas, Hezbollah. This also included militias in Iraq, Syria, Bahrain and the Gulf along with a plethora of the additional terrorist groups (Van Gils and Yrk 2017). The country has a long history of attacks from terrorists against the U.S. and various other Western nations. This included carrying out of abductions, hijackings and bombings. From their founding in 1979, Iranian regime employed terrorism as the primary tool for advancing its interests and strike all their foreign and domestic enemies. Thus the U.S government has labelled the Islamic Republic of Iran as most active state sponsored by terrorism. The U.S. designated Iran as this since 1984 (Sageman 2017). The countries tolerating at least some activities has been long and not been confined to the Middle East and even to states that are ruled by the aggressive dictators. For instance, France has allowed different Middle Eastern terrorist groups for operating with impunity in the 1980s. U.S. allowed the umbrella group representing anti-Tehran Mujahedin-eKhalq for lobbying at the U.S. till 1997 (Lynch and Argomaniz 2017). The effect of terrorism has been involving promoting, recruiting and mobility. This could also be done globally or locally. Here, the aim has been to get to the target and then get away. The attack could take place at the hills of South Waziristan and has been carried out in London. The current shape of terrorism has also been exploiting the rise in intercontinental connections of flight and poor immigration control and customs in various nations to move across the world (Waddock and McIntosh 2017). Terrorists have often been trying to attack the official property and personnel like military forces and diplomatic missions. The notable incidents have been including shooting at Canadian Parliaments in Ottawa on October 2014. The shootings at different army sectors across Chattanooga USA in July 2015 and the shooting of a policeman in Australia during October 2015 is an instance of this (Metaxas and Kechagia 2017). The attackers target military and police as they merely relate to the state and the public facing nature making them reasonably accessible to low sophistication attacks. The higher mobility terrorists and proliferation of the terrorist cells blurred different organizational lines. Global terrorism has turned out to be less working with the diverse and well-defined teams than the networks of individuals and of ill-defined and consistently shifting. These cells have been containing members of more than one nationality, with the affiliations towards more than one group. The groups have been cooperating to procure false documents and move operatives (LEVEY 2017). A blurring of organizational lines has made that increasingly hard to find the responsibility for terrorist activities. Networks have made that plausible in describing much that has been going on the world of a terrorist as linked out this or that leader or group like Usama Bin Laden. However, the linkage never necessarily meant the operational control. The underground activities for replenishing and expanding the movements have been ranking as the other initiations in the society. The terrorist groups have been engaging in the process to recruit new members (Lynch and Argomaniz 2017). This is the process to attract, screening and finding what has been considered to be newly qualified individuals for positions in any organization. Moreover, like the similar civilian counterparts, the terrorist groups have been conducting recruitment process outsource and outsource. The process is done by retaining the services of professional recruiters who have been the part of the external networks. This has been irrespective in-country where they have been operating or within the other nations where their systems are established beachheads (Hillebrand 2017). Further, with the rise of the social media and Internet, recruitment by the terrorist groups has also been taking place in the cyberspace. The recruitment processes of terrorists, unlike thei r civilian counterpart, has been taking place covertly as the underground activity, whether on cyberspace or ground away from possible. After the demonising took place, the Israelis and Jews along with citing Islamic sources depicted Jews negatively and culminating with the ongoing libels and lies portraying Jews reversely as the immediate threat towards Palestine existence and life (Richter 2017). Authority of Palestine or PA instigated violence against the Israelis and Jews, presenting that as legitimate and also heroic self-defence. The promotion of PA has been taking various forms. The PA has been actively elevating nationalistically as a heroic and valid mean in achieving the political goals (Lynch and Argomaniz 2017). On the other hand, killing and fighting the Jews religiously have been displayed by PA the academic and religious leaders as the creators will repeatedly. At the social level, the Palestine leaders and society honour and the most loathsome of murders have portrayed them as the heroes and role models. For example, Dalal Mughrabi who has been leading a bus hijacking where thirty-seven has been killed comprised of schools, summer camps and various other events (Adelakun and Adnan 2017). This also included places baring the name to immortalize and glory her and the terror attack. Thus the success of promotion of PAs violence has been evident readily. Most of Palestine has been supporting killing and suicide terror against the Israelis and Jews. There was a poll conducted after the murder of 8 teenag ers took place. They were studying in a high school of Jerusalem in 2008. It was found that more than eighty percent of Palestine has been supporting that murder. Thus Palestinian religious, political and social systems have justified and have been promoting terror and violence. The Hamas, Fatah and Palestine have developed huge cultural, social and educational networks that are aimed at children promoting and glorifying terror and violence (Humphreys 2017). These are taught through cultural events, TV mascots, schoolbooks and educational videos. There is a saying that violence begets violence. Various evidences has been emerging that shows the reporting of violence can trigger future attacks (Hillebrand 2017). The sensationalist media coverage regarding various terrorist acts has resulted in more amounts of those kinds of acts. Graphic videos showing the beheadings and released over Internet have made the terrorist groups to an internationally feared brand. For example, whether it has been al-Qaida, Taliban, Boko Haram or current ISIS, the fundamentalism has been everywhere over radio, newspaper or TV channels (Holland and Rabrenovic 2017). Thus the terrorists require coverage of media for spreading the message, creating fear and then recruit followers. Paper presented at the annual European Economic Association Congress in Germany showed that the suicide bombings get more media coverage. This is due to their rise in popularity among the terrorist groups. The official media replaced by Internet at the end has been much simpler to use, quicker and more effective. Thus Internet has arguably replaced differently riles of printed media. Hence for the first time, fundamentalists could take any message and pictures they decide straight to the online world. Since the messages and stories reach the common people through old or new media, they utilize the publicity particularly in recruiting efforts (McCarthy and Menager 2017). The Internet has simply raised the opportunities for activities and propagandas of terrorists. It has turned into a perfect tool for the terrorists as per as their operational goals with small risk and expense. Besides this other form of powerful media includes videos, video games, novels, popular music, DVDs, audiocassettes that must not be underestimated. The terrorists in general embrace the latest information. They have been following the latest technological developments to turn to be innovative and use the most up graded communication technologies (Gardner 2017). Despite all this, it has not been necessarily indicating the absolute shift from the trends and old technologies. For example, few terrorists are still found to depend on hawala which is an informal network of the currency exchange dating back to the 8th century (Hillebrand 2017). The advent of the Internet in the 1990s, with the focus on a free exchange of data without censorship, has supplied the international audience regarding freedom movement, different groups and many more manifestos. This included the bomb-making manuals, speech videos, executions, attacks that could be found quite simple over the Internet. Regarding the high degree of operational and technological competence, the examples include communication tools like satellite phones and mobiles and email and web services for planning the further terrorist attacks. Present cities of Syria has led to various Britons to move abroad to fight with communities like Isis (Ilyas, Mehmood and Aslam 2017). With capitalizing the growth, Isis has been fighting more cyber and using slick videos, online messages of hatred and also app aiming to radicalize and create latest generation of the cyber jihadists. Those current tools have been helping Isis to spread the propaganda and ideologies to various online symp athizers around the globe. The groups have been using social media sites like Twitter, Facebook and Youtube for recruiting their future members. Ass this ate done via images and streaming violent online viral videos those are professionally edited or filmed targeting impressionable and young people (Zaid 2017). Through portraying a glamorized and a cool image, ISIS fighters have started to act as the latest rockstars in a field of global cyber jihad. Therefore the Internet has turned into a virtual background for extremists ideas to get reinforced and then act as the echo chamber. For example, presently there has been estimated to be at least 750 British travelling to Syria for fighting against the forces of President Assad. Under this heightened scenario, the hydra global insurgency from the plethora of those extremist groups at Iraq and Syria has come out to have all the links to a fundamentalist narrative. The threatening communities like ISIS posed online indicated that government of UK has been in a constant fight to remove the material of online extremists (Jensen 2017). They have removed about 15000 elements related to jihadist propaganda. It has included an online video of recruitment that titled Theres No Life Without Jihad. This featured three British fighters encouraging and glamorizing individuals to emerge and fight for ISIS. However, the video reappeared and has been available on YouTube and crossed over 42000 views (Lynch and Argomaniz 2017). The latest terrorist communities comprise of a networked organizational structure. It comprises of different members having same authoritative rights, and reporting structures that are more flat denoting a cell structure. They have moved towards decentralization (Downes and Hobbs 2017). Thus every one of the various leaders has been independently responsible for carrying out those terrorist activities (McCarthy and Menager 2017). The first shift of structure of terrorism has been resting in downsizing the enemies. For example, huge armies are not seen in Al-Qaida (McCarthy and Menager 2017). Instead, there has been a rise in facing of enemy forces in little teams and even individuals. As per as the operational perspective, those are the micro-targets with the macro-targets that have been operating in a global exchange of ideas, data and people (Hewitt 2017). Enemies, their tactics, their battlefield, their tradecraft has been all evolving at the force of globalization itself. The current debate, with many times disagreement among the allies, has been reflecting the new reality and the new method of war. The existing groups of today have been tending to adapt or organize to scopes available in the network model. Additional variants professing the ideology have possessed more defined impacts on the internal organizations. The Maoist or Leninist groups have been tending towards various hierarchical structure and centralized control (McConaghy 2017). Categories related to terrorism along with political organization or activities need this hierarchical framework for coordinating terrorist violence with the legislative action. The examples of this include the observing cease-fire agreements or avoiding the specific targets supporting the political aims (McCarthy and Menager 2017). Besides, al-Qaida opted to go for a hierarchical organization to the much more networked organizations. Similar to communist cells, terrorist cells of Osama Bin Laden intended to overthrow the contemporary governments. However, unlike the communist ones, they have been organized and specialized. His cells were extremely ad hoc in functioning. The planning cell for a single operation might be tapped as the execution cell for the upcoming. Various members of submarine and sleeper cells have lived in the target nations for various years (Ghatak and Prins 2017). They have been inactive until activated. As per as former aides of Laden, there has been a century of sleeper cells around the U.S. Thus various attacks have possessed no previous records. The execution cells ate brought forward at the last stage of the attacks. They use resources as supplied by the other cells. The latest way to practice terror by terrorists has been distinct from the conventional military approach. Along with war, there has been no run on different beliefs, the targets have been no more military or government but various nations as a whole (Ghatak and Prins 2017). They have been running clandestine attacks including buildings important for attack and destroying innocent lives. There have been a couple of viewpoints on a relationship between asymmetric warfare and the terrorism. At current context, the asymmetric warfare has been considered as the element of fourth generation warfare. As practised outside different laws of war, this has been referred as terrorism. However, it has rarely been done by the practitioners and the supporters. Another view is that asymmetric warfare has never been coinciding with what is called terrorism (Bilgel and Karahasan 2017). Utilization of terror by much lesser Mongol forces to create and control Mongol empire is seen as a kind of asymmetric warfare. Another one is the use of state terrorism by superior Nazi forces in Balkans. This is the attempt to suppress resistance movement. For example conflict between Palestinian and Israel like Islamic Jihad and Hamas has been a classic instance of this type of asymmetric warfare. The Palestinian groups never had access to huge-scale military equipment to conduct operations. Rather they have been using an asymmetric strategy like small gunfights, cross-border sniping and rocket attacks (LaFree, Xie and Matanock 2017). Another example of this the conflict on Kashmir between India and Pakistan where Pakistan has been claiming territorial rights to the area of Kashmir a state of India where Pakistan engages in proxy wars on various occasions. Latest terrorist organizations have been more like multinational organizations. They have been spread around various geographical boundaries. For instance, AL Qaeda is found to have the presence around the world, where the members have been coming from different nations (de la Fuente 2017). Recently terrorist networks have been evolving and moving away from dependency on state sponsorship. Various dangerous groups and people have been operating as the non-state actors. Through taking benefits of porous borders and the international, interconnected systems, transit, communications and finance, the terrorist organizations have been reaching all the corners of the world. As some has been focusing on the local or national political dynamic, the others have been finding to impact the global change. Al-Qaeda has been at the forefront of the trend (Shay 2017). From the base the borderlines between Pakistan and Afghanistan, al-Qaeda network has been spread widely. They have established braches or the affiliates elsewhere including North Africa, Southeast Asia and Yemen. As driven by Salafi ideology and then characterized by opposition to Western influence and aim to create a global Islamic caliphate, al-Qaeda has destroyed thousands of lives extending from Baghdad to Bali to Ma drid (Frey and Osterloh 2017). The alluring ideology of the group has continued their reach and prompted some people outside their direct command to undertake violent actions. Threats from al-Qaeda have been proving global, multifaceted and have been complicated to track and contain. This has been continuing to pose most prominent risks of terrorism. Various other organizations have also been emerging and operating with their individual distinct goals outside traditional hotspots and networks (Shay 2017). The U.S.A. and Europe have not been immune to terrorism under the borders. The global diffusion of this threat needs a comprehensive reaction providing resolutions at international, regional and national levels. This has been addressing not only the processes but also factors contributing to spread of terrorism (Ghatak and Prins 2017). Using of modern tools, weapons of mass destruction such as nuclear weapons and the suicidal bombers, the unpredictability of places of attack and untraditional attack processes such as cyber-terrorism have created a primary part to the concept of new terrorism. Modern supplies materials or weapons that could be changed to weapons (Zulaika and Murua 2017). In turn, these devices have been more powerful than the techniques and instruments used in the past. These are used to destroy a large number of people considerably. Destructive weapon of the homemade explosives or weapons-grade explosives has been raised from Second World War (Ghatak and Prins 2017). Examples of biological weapon include the allegation against China that states that the USA caused cholera epidemic in Hong Kong in 1961. Again Egypt was accused in 1969 that imperialistic aggressors to use biological weapons on the Middle East mainly causing an outbreak of cholera at Iraq in 1966 (Child and Breyer 2017). As per as chemical weapons are considered, 35 Kurdish fighters were wounded in 2015 August. This happened in a chemical attack while fighting ISIS terrorists. One source from Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons stated that the laboratory tests revealed mustard gas had also been used (Ljujic et al. 2017). Moreover, on August 21, ISIS also launched a chemical attack on Marea town against children and women. Radiological weapons put merely are a degree of carcinogenic effect from low levels of radiation exposure. This has lead to a rise in a risk of delayed development of problems like cancer. For example in the incident of Goiania, about two hundred people recognized contaminated at emergency response centers (Larsson 2017). Here about fifty were admitted for future treatment. And, all these resulted in the death of five people ultimately. Oleg Khingsagory, a Russian hot arrested at Georgia in February 2006, with three Georgian accompanies carrying 79.5 gm of 89% HEU. It is an example of nuclear weapons used for mass destruction. Another example is Alexander Litvinenko poisoning with radioactive polonium in November 2006, representing an ominous landmark (Neo et al. 2017). Latest terrorists never have any community as their enemy. Hence they possess no hesitation to attack the innocent people, especially civilians. The targets have been mainly critical infrastructure. This destruction has been possessing serious socio-economic effects on the nations. Instances of this are exchanges, hospitals, railways and national icons (White 2017). As accepted at the national level, destruction, degradation or rendering unavailable, the critical infrastructure has been profoundly affecting the economic and social well-being of the nation, or modified for assuring national defense and the security (Aghedo 2017). For example, the terrorist attacks condemned against the passenger trains at Madrid during 2004, and that on international airports in Istanbul and Brussels in 2016, has raised awareness regarding vulnerabilities states having the effect of those attacks (Ghatak and Prins 2017). From old terrorism, the vulnerability has raised quickly in communication and information technology interlinking various critical infrastructure systems (Ljujic et al. 2017). Cyber-attacks against the essential infrastructures have been turning to prevalent. Surveys from sector indicated that they have thought to be right in scale, set to be more precise and accurate. When the killing of innocent people is discussed the example or civilians killed in Yemen in 2013 could be taken. This took place as the US drone targeted vehicles that have been the part of wedding procession marching towards the village of the groom. In old terrorism, the classic case has been killing in self-defense (O'Day 2017). However, in the present era, the attackers have been deliberate to aim the innocent lives. All these are done to spread fear among the civilian population. Further, they try to force the government to alter their policies. One thing is needed to be kept in mind that the term innocent needs a clear unpacking. For example, the thousands of lives destroyed in World Trade Center were innocent never meant that they have been living a morally impeccable life (Heath-Kelly and Jarvis 2017). The audience has been beyond the spectacular events of the victims attracting media attention. The psychological effect gas has been staged carefully and well thought out act where symbolism has been crucial (Ghatak and Prins 2017). The publicity has been the existence of the cause. A revolutionary message is broadcasted. The reason is widespread anxiety and fear. The provoking is a strong reaction to bringing people to the cause. All these traits come under the umbrella of the expression terrorism as theatre. The security theatre has not been the real security. However, terrorism is a theatre. The terrorists are playing the role of efficient producers (Barcel and Labzina 2017). Due to them, the passengers in planes insist on throwing off people who seem to be Middle Eastern. Reciting prayers, cosmetics, the dogs and the smoke detectors are the reason to investigate terrorism /. The ever-more-intrusive security is put up that has been accomplishing a little. Saying in a different term, terrorism is a theatre. The activities done by them are not their goal. This has been the act intended for provoking the emotional reaction in the audience. The audiences are overeating same as wanted by terrorists. It must be forgotten that through they have been succeeded to blow up a dozen airlines over Atlantic, the air travel has been still safe than driving (Coccia 2017). The point of this terrorism has been creating terro r. At many times they need to achieve a political goal and many times these are done out of just sheer hatred. The human beings killed by the terrorists have not been the targets. They are only snares of collateral damages. Additionally, blowing up planes, trains, markets and buses has been not the goal. They are just tactics. The actual targets of them are the rest of humanity who are not killed but gets terrorized due to killing. The practical point of terrorism has been not the act but the reaction towards the action (Ljujic et al. 2017). The peace has been a vital part of human lives. The war on terror has been destroying the unity of various civilizations. For ensuring world peace, many nations are working hard through undertaking effective initiatives. Bigotry, sectarianism and their dreadful descendants, terrorism have been long capturing the beautiful world. They have been filling the planet with violence. The land is drenched very often with bloodsheds. Civilizations have got destroyed. The whole nations are sent to despair. Without these horrible demons, the society could be far more advanced than now. To eradicate that permanently wholly the world should help others such that rising menace could be countered quickly and easily. The world, especially the Muslim world, must be convinced that the religion of peace is getting hijacked by fundamentalists. The union of equality and liberty could only be gained through the power of brotherhood. Human mind claims freedom. This is the freedom of self-development, self- development of man in all his being. People often think that dissociating him from the fellow is the attainment of actual liberty similar to the ties of relationship involves the limitations towards others. However, it is paradoxical to find that human life is the perfect arrangement of interdependence among the people giving rise to freedom. The people who can attain freedom from segregation of the eclipsed life find the power to cultivate different mutual understanding the cooperation. Then the history of the growth of liberty will be the history of the perfection of the human dignity. References: Adelakun, L. and Adnan, H., 2017. Between Ebola epidemics and Boko-Haram insurgency: Media agenda transition interplay. InSHS Web of Conferences(Vol. 33). EDP Sciences. Aghedo, I., 2017. Ethics and its discontents: Evidence from terrorism research in North-Eastern Nigeria.Australasian Review of African Studies, The,38(1), p.29. Barcel, J. and Labzina, E., 2017. Global Terrorism and (De-) Mobilization: Do ISISs Deadly Attacks Demotivate, Deter, or Mobilize Supporters?. Becker, M., 2017. Why violence abates: imposed and elective declines in terrorist attacks.Terrorism and political violence,29(2), pp.215-235. Bilgel, F. and Karahasan, B.C., 2017. The economic costs of separatist terrorism in Turkey.Journal of conflict resolution,61(2), pp.457-479. Camilleri, J., 2017. Insecurity and Governance in an Age of Transition. InGlobal Insecurity(pp. 23-41). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Child, M. and Breyer, C., 2017. Transition and transformation: a review of the concept of change in the progress towards future sustainable energy systems.Energy Policy,107, pp.11-26. Coccia, M., 2017. General Causes of Terrorism: High Population Growth in Problematic Society. Combs, C.C., 2017.Terrorism in the twenty-first century. Routledge. de la Fuente, A.L., 2017. 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Gendered Rumours and the Muslim Scapegoat in Myanmars Transition.Journal of Contemporary Asia,47(3), pp.396-412. McConaghy, K., 2017. The Character of State Organisations and the Effect on Counter-Terrorism. InTerrorism and the State(pp. 117-127). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Metaxas, T. and Kechagia, P., 2017. FDI and Terrorism in developing Asia: Approaches and Discussion. Neo, L.S., Khader, M., Ang, J., Ong, G. and Tan, E., 2017. Developing an early screening guide for jihadi terrorism: A behavioural analysis of 30 terror attacks.Security Journal,30(1), pp.227-246. O'Day, A., 2017.War on terrorism. Routledge. Richter, C., 2017. Media policy in times of transition.Publizistik, pp.1-13. Rourke, K.S., 2017.Resisting Democratic Transition Through Terrorism: Case Study of Post-Saddam Hussein Iraq(Doctoral dissertation, Walden University). Sageman, M., 2017.Turning to Political Violence: The Emergence of Terrorism. University of Pennsylvania Press. Sarma, K.M., 2017. 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Business Model Innovation Corporate Sustainability †Assignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Business Model Innovation : Corporate Sustainability. Answer: Introduction Coles and Aldi are two most reputed supermarket chains in Australia. Coles with its rival company Woolworths form the duopoly in the Australian supermarket industry. Coles came into existence in the year 1914 in Melbourne by George Coles. It has its own online service system, which it uses to deliver the products to customers home (Keith 2012). Aldi on the other hand is primarily a German company, which found its existence in Australia in the year 2001. It first opened up its store in Sydney and since then it piled up stories of success with passage of days. After duopoly of Woolworths and Coles in Australia, Aldi has the largest market share. Interestingly, the growth of its success in recent time has enhanced the competition to a next level (Dwivedi et al. 2012). Supply chain management is a challenging task, which has grown in its challenge even further with the advent of globalization. Globalization has made the operations complex, which has also troubled the operation of supply chain. Very few companies have been able to solve the criticality of supply chain (Mangan Lalwani 2016). Walmart is one of those companies that have resolved the complexity of supply chain with its strategic planning. Nevertheless, it has benefitted the company significantly, which has helped the company become the largest companies in the world in terms of revenue generation (Stankevi?i?t?, Grunda Bartkus 2012). The success of Walmart on its global supply chain has proved one thing that it is possible to resolve the complexity of supply chain with strategic planning. The main purpose of this assignment is to analyze the supply chain operations of two of the Australian biggest super market chains Coles and Aldi. This paper would also give a comparison between the supply chain operations of both the companies. Cost saving strategy is one of the key points of Coles, which they use to mould the customers interest into their favor. The company has not kept itself confined to the groceries only but it has also targeted a potential market of liquor in Australia. Insurance and fianc sectors have also been felt as potential options. They are in continued search of new market. It is very evident that the company is trying to explore it towards maximum of opportunities (Dwivedi et al. 2012). There customers are in varied range such as little kids, young kids, matured adults, mobile phone users, drinkers etc. It means that the company has targeted perhaps the every category of the society with different range of foodstuffs (coles.com.au 2017). Unlike other companies Coles has believed in the Australian resource for its required products. As per its belief, Australia is one of those few countries that produce best food in the world. They have their relationship with the local farmers, manufacturers and growers. The Coles Nurture Fund support various small medium size companies opportunities to apply for the loans and use it for inventing various innovative technologies. On the other hand, the company had started Coles Indigenous Food Fund in the year 2001 to support the indigenous enterprises (coles.com.au 2017). Their innovative thoughts have worked in an appropriate direction as they had opened up processing facilities in few Australian locations such as New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and South Australia. It is a unique concept because it produces packaged red meat including beef and lamb. It not only enhanced their sales capabilities as they can now get deeper into the change in sales behavior but it has also enhanced their control on processing, which is very important to give response in real time. Additionally, they can now easily bring changes in the inventories, which depend on the changing behavior of sales (Juan Ding et al. 2014). Coles has indigenous people that supply the company fresh meat. Farmers supply them fresh vegetables and fruits. Twitter has been one of the favorite sites for the company. They used this to perfection as one of their tools for marketing. Private labeling is one key aspect o their marketing strategies, which has provided a unique opportunity to the company. Through this, the company has utilized the opportunities that are available in the supermarket chain industry in Australia. They became known face with this strategy (Icmrindia.org 2017). Description of Aldi The business model of the company is simple and efficient. They have a strategy to offer top in quality products at an unbelievably low prices. They have kept their low pricing strategy intact with all of their business strategies. They offered limited range of such products, which people shop on a daily basis. However, it has targeted probably every segment of customer with different products such as food, household supplies and beverages. They are always focused on giving customers value to their money, which is why they have always maintained high transparency with their products (Careers.aldi.us 2017). Aldi has mainly targeted the daily customers with its limited but high in quality products. It has continually focused on producing high quality products at incredible lower prices. Unlike Coles, Aldi has suppliers from lower level manufacturers to bigger manufacturers. Aldi never compromise on the products quality. Their approach is balanced, which gives values to both their customers and the suppliers. They also offer fair and equal chances to many small suppliers as well. They are just needed to fill up the form supplied at its website and join their hands with the company if they are eligible to become suppliers. They receive materials from its different suppliers that range from small manufacturers to major manufacturers. Once they get the materials from their supplier, they process it in their distribution centre. Food processing is done in the distribution centre. They have smartly managed the complexity of stocking, which has challenged the supremacy of many organisations. Just-in-time approach is the one strategy, which they have used to have their utmost control on their stock. This approach is highly useful in avoiding any wastage of materials, which is very probable with no control on the stock. The product is then sent to the market when it is processed at its distribution centre. Aldi has mostly targeted the low budgeted income; however, it has now started to target the middle budget households as well. Unlike Coles and Woolworths, Aldi has mainly targeted the grocery segments, which is also helping them in gaining a good market shares from the two retail market giants. It likes to do things differently than Coles and Woolworths, which is why they offer plastic bags. It is very clear that Aldi wants to progress differently and earn maximum market shares (Chapman et al. 2013). Comparison of supply chains The entrance of Aldi has shaken the Australian supermarket industry. The market, which was preoccupied by two giant companies Coles and Woolworths. There is little difference in the supply chain of both Coles and Aldi. However, both have separate customer base. Aldi in particular has targeted the budgeted income group of people whereas Coles has maintained a high standard. Supply chain of both the companies is unique as both of them get their materials from the Australia farmers and other suppliers. For fresh vegetables, they receive approximately around 96% from the Australian farmers. On a same note, the resource for meat has been entirely in the country. However, Aldi has acted smartly to cut down the final customer price. In Aldi, multiple products are placed in one single line, which successfully reduces the requirement of floor executive. A reduction in floor executive would mean a cut down on salary distribution, which would enhance the profit level on sales. Additionally, Ald i offers limited range of products in a single store, which make this possible to open up a store in a comparatively reduced area. Moreover, it saves on monthly rental, which is again useful for enhancing the profit margin. However, in such set ups customers might get frustrated because they would require to visit multiple stores of Aldi to purchase their required products. On contrary to this, such products are easily available in a single store of Coles. Time would tell the fate for both the companies. However, both have targeted a separate group of customer (News.Com.Au 2017). The strategy to cut down on prices on some visible and invisible thing is the one major difference between Aldi and the duopoly of Coles Woolworths, which is helping Aldi to offer products at the cheapest price. It is not that they do not force their suppliers to get quality products like Coles does; however, it is some other way, which has benefitted Aldi in offering the cheapest price. One visible example is of trolley, which they offer to the customers after receiving a gold coin against the trolley. However, the gold coin is refundable, which customers can get on submitting the trolleys (Kuys Kyriazis 2015). Another visible move is paying for the plastic bags. It simply saves money on packaging, which could have been incurred in otherwise situation (Verghese et al. 2013). They have limited products to offer in their stores, which is way too low than the giant Coles. However, this has enabled them in limiting the size of stores, which means that they would be required to pay a c omparatively lesser rent. Moreover, this is also useful in saving money (Thain Bradley 2012). Product's arrangement is also different to Coles. They place more products in one single row, which mean a saving on paying to employees, as fewer employees would be required then. Aldi make less investment on advertising as they do not advertise on TV or any other modes. This is another way of cost reduction, which has no matched. Innovative thoughts, which the company has used in each of its strategy from getting products to presenting those to the consumers has pronounced the dominance of it in using strategies (McArthur 2013). Resource based theory is an effective model that helps to analyze the strengths and weaknesses, which its existing resources have. It affects the supply chain operation as well as it includes all the necessary resources, which play important roles in collaborative relationship with the suppliers. Resources are of various types such as physical, financial and human. The first stage in the resource-based theory includes the financial, physical and human resources. Both Coles and Aldi are giant companies in Australia; however, Coles has larger market shares than Aldi. Aldi is still growing with its expansion; however, it is expanding at a more speed rate than Coles. The report is until the end of fiscal year 2015; however, it simply speaks of the dominating effect, which Aldi has produced in the supermarket industry in Australia. It is rather continually incrementing with passage of days. Aldi employs less number of staffs to save money. However, it also provides opportunity for a quick growth in terms of change of position. It is encouraging to staffs, as they can become an assistant manager in a very less span of time. In other words, Aldi has cut down on its expenses on employees by placing fewer employees in a single store (Brandes Brandes 2012). The second stage in the resource-based theory is the capability, which depends entirely on the varied organizational resources. The supply chain strategy and the strategy to cut down the prices by using visible and invisible approach have placed Aldi at the more competitive zone. The rising market shares of Aldi with passage of time have posed serious threats to one of the oldies in the Australian supermarket industry. Aldi is comparatively highly competitive, as it knows well how to cut down the prices and to offer values to the customers money. However, discounted offers might not help to conquer all the time. This is quite evident in France where discounted stores are struggling to maintain the success. Aldi maintains limited stock in its store to cut down on area and on the rental. However, this also means that customers would require shopping for a weeklong to gather the entire required groceries. This can be frustrating to many. In other words, it is designed for budgeted groups in specific. Additionally, offering plastic bags might be cost effective but this is not fascinating to all. Moreover, packaging has an utmost importance in appealing the value of the products to the customers (Mitchell 2017). Some of the weaknesses, which have been highlighted, might ruin Aldi in long run. For a sustained business, they need to come up with some additional strategies that could add additional values to their existing business. Coles along with Woolworths form the duopoly in the Australian supermarket industry. Coles has its own distribution centre, which helps them get deeper into the food processing process. Moreover, it helps them understand the changing sales figure, which is very important to control the inventories. However, they have been challenged by the cheaper pricing offer of Aldi. They like Aldi need to fight hard with the suppliers; however, they lack some strategies that enable Aldi to offer comparatively lower pricings for the products. The innovation is at less exploration in Coles. Cost saving strategy is one of the key points of Coles, which they use to mould the customers interest into their favor. It along with Woolworths has warmed up the supermarket sector in Australia with cheapest pricing for products and services. Unlike many other companies, Coles offer products in its natural form. They do so to construct a different position for the company. This is nothing but their extensive a pproach towards sustainability (Moscardo et al. 2013). Sustainability is a challenge for different companies from different industry (Schaltegger, Ldeke-Freund Hansen 2012). However, Coles has identified the ways to tackle such challenge to the most possible extent. The indigenous products, which the company offers, are one of its moves towards a sustainable business. The company has not kept itself confined to the groceries only but it has also targeted a potential market of liquor in Australia. Insurance and fianc sectors have also been felt as potential options. They are in continued search of new market. It is very evident that the company is trying to explore it towards maximum of opportunities. However, it has faced persistent issues from its suppliers, which is really a challenge as they wish to offer products in its natural form. The negotiation level is low with Coles, which is why it is a challenge to fulfill the commitments (Dwivedi et al. 2012). Coles unlike many reputed brands believe in approaching to the Australian resources, as they believe they can innovate with their supply chain if they rely on countrys resources. Unlike other companies Coles has believed in the Australian resource for its required products. As per its belief, Australia is one of those few countries that produce best food in the world. Importantly around 96% of all the fruits and vegetables have their resource in Australia itself. Additionally, 100% of all the meat they use from the Australian resource only. This in other words means that the company supports small companies and local people of Australia. They have their relationship with the local farmers, manufacturers and growers. The Coles Nurture Fund support various small medium size companies opportunities to apply for the loans and use it for inventing various innovative technologies. This is not helping the Coles to invest on hidden talents by giving loans but it also fostering the success fo r those small medium sized companies. On the other hand, the company had started Coles Indigenous Food Fund in the year 2001 to support the indigenous enterprises. A partial of the revenues generated is used for developing the supplying capabilities of indigenous enterprises (coles.com.au 2017). They are innovative, which is why they continually thought of having their own distribution centre, so that, they could secure their products and also have their deeper control on the food processing. Their innovative thoughts have worked in an appropriate direction as they had opened up processing facilities in few Australian locations such as New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and South Australia. It is a unique concept because it produces packaged red meat including beef and lamb. It not only enhanced their sales capabilities as they can now get deeper into the change in sales behavior but it has also enhanced their control on processing, which is very important to give response in real time. Additionally, they can now easily bring changes in the inventories, which depend on the changing behavior of sales (Juan Ding et al. 2014). Coles has indigenous people that supply the company fresh meat. The company believes that Australia is one of those countries that offer best in quality foods. Farmers supply them fresh vegetables and fruits. The company is actually favoring the growth of local companies and communities. It has opened up some funds as well to foster the growth of indigenous enterprises. Twitter has been one of the favorite sites for the company. They used this to perfection as one of their tools for marketing. Private labeling is one key aspect o their marketing strategies, which has provided a unique opportunity to the company. Through this, the company has utilized the opportunities that are available in the supermarket chain industry in Australia. They became known face with this strategy (Icmrindia.org 2017). Recommendations and conclusions for Coles Coles is one of the two leading supermarket giants in Australia. It has high market shares only after Woolworths. However, the growth of market shares has now become stiffer as it is receiving a homogenous challenge from Aldi. Aldi has not yet crossed the market shares of Coles but the rate of growth of market shares is quite more to Coles. This is a challenge for Coles now to regain its position and maintain a good growth despite the homogenous challenge posed by Aldi. Coles need to target on the weaknesses rather than competing with Aldi for cheapest price. Coles already offers large range of products in its store. They should continue with the same strategy. Additionally, they should put more focus on stocking large range of products in stores. This would save time for people, which they need to invest while shopping in Aldi as Aldi has limited stocks. Moreover, it means that they need to shop for a long span of time to get their all required groceries. Aldi is famous for cheap pricing with high quality products that gives value to the customers money. Aldi has used various strategies such as offering plastic bags and stocking limited products in stores to attract a significant customer base; however, it has also limited the scope for customers. Customers would now require shopping for a long span of time to visit to significant number of Aldi stores to get the required groceries. The business model of the company is simple and efficient. They have a strategy to offer top in quality products at an unbelievably low prices. They have kept their low pricing strategy intact with all of their business strategies. They offered limited range of such products, which people shop on a daily basis. However, it has targeted probably every segment of customer with different products such as food, household supplies and beverages. They are always focused on giving customers value to their money, which is why they have always maintained high trans parency with their products. The company invests a significant sum on developing various new ideas to develop new properties and suppliers and to offer benefits to its employees. The company has sufficiently controlled its production through implementing lean production technique. Lean production offers reliability on many important factors such as just-in-time production. Just-in-time approach is very helpful for tracking the stock and ordering the required materials quite prior to it gets empty. This also help in avoiding wastages of materials, which is very frequent with over stocking of materials. They do not operate for 24 long hours in a day, which means this would reduce the cost of labor, the cost of rental and energy. Moreover, all the savings from this strategy would be passed to customers to show values to their money (Careers.aldi.us 2017). Unlike Coles, Aldi has suppliers from lower level manufacturers to bigger manufacturers. They probably look for getting the best in quality materials to show values to the customers money. They are very strict with their suppliers on product specification, which is in the line of top brands in the market. Moreover, Aldi never compromise on the products quality. On the other hand, they also know the importance of maintaining a healthy relationship with their suppliers. Their approach is balanced, which gives values to both their customers and the suppliers. They also offer fair and equal chances to many small suppliers as well. They are just needed to fill up the form supplied at its website and join their hands with the company if they are eligible to become suppliers. It gets the required materials from its different suppliers that range from small manufacturers to major manufacturers. They have also opened up ways to many others. They are just required to fill up the forms available at the companys website. Once they get the materials from their supplier, they process it in their distribution centre. Food processing is done in the distribution centre. They have smartly managed the complexity of stocking, which has challenged the supremacy of many organisations. Just-in-time approach is the one strategy, which they have used to have their utmost control on their stock. This approach is highly useful in avoiding any wastage of materials, which is very probable with no control on the stock. The product is then sent to the market when it is processed at its distribution centre. Aldi has mostly targeted the low budgeted income; however, it has now started to target the middle budget households as well. Unlike Coles and Woolworths, Aldi has mainly targ eted the grocery segments, which is also helping them in gaining a good market shares from the two retail market giants. They are mainly focused on cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategy. It likes to do things differently than Coles and Woolworths, which is why they offer plastic bags. It is very clear that Aldi wants to progress differently and earn maximum market shares (Chapman et al. 2013). Recommendations and conclusions for Aldi Aldi is the fastest growing supermarket store chain in Australia. It has challenged the business of two giants Coles and Woolworths. With some of its unique strategies such as plastic bags, trolley on paying gold coins, arranging multiple items in a lane etc., it has hampered the growth of one of the giants of duopoly Coles. However, they might not be able to sustain with the same strategy, as many customers prefer the way, which Coles use such as stocking high numbers of products in just one store. Aldi need to stock large number of products in a single store. This would prevent customers going to multiple stores of it to get their required stuffs. Aldi should try to escape from such weaknesses in order to prevent any counter from the two supermarket giants. References Aldi.com.au. 2017.Shopping at ALDI - What makes us Australias Supermarket of the Year. - ALDI Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.aldi.com.au/en/shopping-at-aldi/ [Accessed 28 Aug. 2017]. Brandes, D., Brandes, N. 2012.Bare essentials: the Aldi way to retail success. BoDBooks on Demand. Careers.aldi.us. 2017.About ALDI. [online] Available at: https://careers.aldi.us/about [Accessed 27 Aug. 2017]. Chapman, K., Innes-Hughes, C., Goldsbury, D., Kelly, B., Bauman, A., Allman-Farinelli, M. 2013. A comparison of the cost of generic and branded food products in Australian supermarkets.Public health nutrition,16(5), 894-900. Chapman, K., Innes-Hughes, C., Goldsbury, D., Kelly, B., Bauman, A., Allman-Farinelli, M. 2013. 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